Jedinstvo, July 07, 1961

              Branko Vukelic
К SLAVNOJ 20-G0DISNJ- ICI
3)
Postadosmo solidna sila. Prosli mnogobrojne akcije
kao dizanje u zrak neprijateljskih vlakova sa vojskom i
ratnim materijalom, mostova, hvatanje pojedina6ko i
grupno najpoznatijih ratnih zlikovaca i razoruzavanje
manjih neprijateljskih vojnih formacija. Te akcije bile
su potrebne za dobivanje sto vise oruzja i "vatrenog
krstenja" za nadolazece krupnije bitke. Evo nekoliko
karakteristi£nih primjera tih akcija : U Brinjsku c"etu
javjo so miaaic као vuxa jeia, игапко unic. urugovi mu
rekose da prvi dobrovoljci dolaze sa oruzjem koga otmu
od neprijatelja. On se malo zamisli i rece: "Dobro, ja
sutra dolazim najmanje sa jednom puskom". Ode, i zai-S- ta sutradan predvecer dodje sa d"ije puSke i dva pisto-Ij- a. Kako je dosao do oruzja? Nad Krivim putom, rod-ni- m
mjestom Paveliccvih roditelja, svakodnevno je pro-lazi- la zandarska patrola. Izabrao je jednu okuku sa
malo grmlja da ga nc opaze. U svaku ruku uzeo je ka-kam- en
i kada su se zandari priblizili na dva metra,
svom snagom je pogodio jednog kamenom u glavu, koji
je bio gotov, a drugog zandara udario je s kamenom iz
Hjeve ruke u pleca i on je posrnuo, ali se brzo usta i po-5e- o
bjczati. Uzeo je pu§ku ubijenog zandara, opalio na
bjezeceg zandara i ubio ga.
Drugi sludaj : Dosao u Gomirsku 6etu krsan mladic
od 22 godine, Djoko Mamula. Drugovi mu ispri6ali he-rojst- vo Gojka Cosana, Dude Rezica, Ljubice Gerovac,
Nadc Galjer, Branka Orlica, Delni6ara Jastrcba i dru-gi- h.
On mahnu glavom i гебе: "Ne obecavam niSta, ali
bez puske u partizane ne dolazim, a partizan cu biti, to
vam obecavam". Kroz tri dana pojavio se Djoko za dvi-j- c
talijanske puske i ispri5a : "Dva Talijana u crnim ko--
Suljama pod samom Gradinom (ccntar Gomirja) lovili
ribu u rjccHci, pomislim u sebi pecajte, pecajte, trgnuce
vam na nos. Privla6im so kroz vrbe i pomislim da nije
potrebno da ih ubijem samo cu dreknut na njih i to sve,
meni su pu§ke glavne. Sjetih se da crna koSulja zna6i fa-sist- a.
Kad se primakoh na tri metra s jednim skokom
sko6im k njima i prvoga udarim kolcem po zatiljku, on
so svali u vodu. Drugi drhce od straha, izbcCio cme ocl
Najprije se razalim na njega i kazem sto gledas" nesreco
jedna i zasto si faSista. On kao da bleji, nista ga nisam
razumio. Baci oruzje, a ja mu se primi6em. Drugovi,
majke mi bozje, sam od straha skoci u vodu i udavi se.
Sroce mi moje, makar mi vi zamjerili nisam ga mislio
ubiti". Svi smo se slatko nasmijali, motreci kako to jed-nostav- no
prica mladic od 22 godine skoro 2 metra vi-so- k.
Nijesmo se 6udili §to se crnokosuljas" udavio u vodi
kad mu se priblizavao Djoko kocem u ruci.
U agustu mjesecu 1911. rije§ili smo da se izvrli je-da- n
izvanredno smjeli podvig, da bi so docepali auto-matsk- og
oruzja. Na raskrsnici puteva : Ogufin —Droini-c- a
—Primorje, ncdaleko od Jasenka, nalazila se cijela
talijanska divizija. Na toj raskrsnici nalazila se talijan-sk- a
oficirska straza od 7 ljudi na potpuno ravnom tcre- -
nu i svako su minute krstanii nepnjateljski tcnkovi,
boma kola i kamijoni, a sam Jasenak gdje je pocimala
divizija, udaljen svega nepuna 2 km. Pribliziti se ras-krsnici
bilo je nemoguce. Na 100 metara daljine morao
je 6ovjek ici sa rukama u visu, driedi dozvolu za prolaz
tim putem. Pribliiiti se k njima i plus zarobiti ih jest
nesto. Nu takvim divovima kao sto su bili momci pod
komandom ибе Kosanovica sve to nije bila zapreka.
Kad je odvaznosti sve se mo2e.
Mladi иба Kosanovic izloSi plan: "Nikola Trbovic
Juvat ce straSu sa one strane do Jasenka, ja i Pero ce-m- o
s ove strane ici pravo k njima, dignut £cmb ruke u
vis i u njima ove zelene papire, toboze kao propusnice.
Glavno je da pridjemo blizu k njima, oruija nam za
njih netrcba, jer i onako necemo moci sve ponijeti sto
tamo uhvatimo". Tako tocno napravilc.
Predhodno ih scljak llija Tomic nau£i nekoliko ta-lijans- kih rijeii : "Djetali armi, mani in aljtato" (ruke u
vis, zarobljcni ste). U 1 sata uvecer podjose u akciju i
dovedoSe svih 7 natovarene kao mazge sa oruzjem i
municijom. Prestraseni Talijani placu i govore: "No
manCaie, pikolo, pikolo". Vidjeli smo da su ustraseni
i misle da mi sve ubijamo. Nismo se obazirali sto Talija-ni
govore vec smo zcljeli saslusati izvjestaj kako se to
sve dogodilo, a bilo je §to i cuti. Poce ибо : "Kad smo im
so priblizili na dva metra, ja se razdera na talijanskom
i ne samo da digose ruke u vis ova dva na strazi, nego i
ona dva koji su bili dalje 10 metara kod mitraljeza.
Namjesto da nas pokose iz njega, oni utekose, a onaj
treci t. j. oficir i dva podoficira, sto su bili u strazari,
skoro ih nije udarila sreana kap od straha. Sve su po-teSko- cc
bile u tome sto su vec culi nadolazeci tcnkovi i
kamijoni. U toj situaciji morali smo sve brzo pobrati i
protrcati preko 100 metara bar do prvog grmlja. Jos
ne stigosmo ni do prvog grmlja a boma kola su iskrcala
smjenu ovoj strazi i kada vidjese da nije sve u redu, po-ce- se
pucati po svim okrajcima sume. Tada je otpoc"ela
puenjava i iz svih tenkova, bornih kola i kamijona, ne
samo da su taneta stizala do raskrsnice nego i nekoliko
kilometara dalje, sigurno ste i sami c"uli? Prestrasili se
i grmilo je kao na malom istocnom frontu".
Poslije smo ovim zarobljenicima uzeli dio oruzja i
matenjala da jadnicima pomognemo nositi, je smo u
prvi mah sve na njih natovarili, a sebi uzeli samo pisto-Ij- e,
bojcci se da ce ih trebati prestraSiti, ako bi odkazali
poci s nama. Istina pistolji nam nisu bili potrebni jersu
bili poslusni i glavno je bilo da nam od zarobljenog ma-terija- la nista ne ostane. Naj(fovjecnije so postupalo s
tim prvim talijanskim zarobljenicima. Najbolju smo im
hranu ponudili sto smo imali. Pozvan je Tomic da im
prevodi komesarovo objainjenje ciljeva narodnooslobo-dilagk- e
borbe. Dali smo im hrane na put i sproveli do
neposredne blizine Jasenka i pustili.
(Nastavit 6e se)
"в. № ? 'Ш£вОЛшј ~тШЉн&ШШШ1аш% „ДАЛВЕјЈЦ- -
Profiti u Katangi
U Uruxellesu je odriana go-diin-ja skupstina akcionera "U-nio- n
Miniere". Saopccno je da
bilanca kompanije iznosi 2 mi.
lijarde i 365 milijuna bt'lgijskih
franaka. Dividenda po akciji
(беги) za minulu godinu odre-djen- a
je na 1500 belgijskih fra-naka.
Prwlsjednik kompanije Gillet
je kazao:
"Xade, koje s.u postojale 1960.
godine, da £e se Kongo uputiti
putem mira i rcda bile su izne-vjeren- e.
No, sejedno, iskustra
NEVOLJE BRITANSKE ARMIJE
Britanija ima velikih tes-ko- ca
oko formiranja profe-sional- ne
vojske od 1G5.000
ljudi. Htjela je ukinuti voj-n- u
obavezu vjerujuci da ce
taj sistem uspjeti, ali je ra-гобага- пје
veliko. Nisu po-mog- le
ni dobrc place, ni mo-dcrnizira- nje
kasarni, ni uvo-djen- je
jelovnika umjesto je-dnoobra- znih
obroka, ni sto-tin- u
drugih marifetluka. Pu-kovn- ik
Hingston, §ef odsje-k- a
u ministarstvu obrane, o- -
U-- 2
Americki izvidnicki a-vic- ni
U-- 2 i dalje oblijecu
sovjetske granice.
On! operisu sa baza u
Alaski.
Moskovski radio je po-vodo- m
toga izjavio: "A-meric- ki
militarist! su po-nov- o
pristupili prljavom
poslu koji moze da dove-d- e
do ozbiljnih posljedica
(N'astavak ка џт. 1)
Sovjetski promijer je pozvao
Zapad na ozbiljne pregovore
o пјетабкот pitanju. "Mi smo
za pregovore, ali ne beskonac-no"- ,
— glasila je praktiino ova
poruka, kombinovana sa opo-meno- m da 5e se onaj koji po--
misija na novo zamrzavanje
razgovora o Njemackoj preba-ci- tl
u ргогабипи.
Premijer Hruscov je joS na-glas- io da SSSR nikada nije pri-znav- ao
niti sada priznaje Za-padn- oj
Njemackoj njeno toboz- -
nje pravo na Zapadni Berlin
kao dio njene teritorije.
Pri kraju govora Nikita Hrus-6o- v
je rekao da posljednje ide-j- e
lorda Montgomerija zaslu2u- -
ju paznju i pokazuju da na Za-pa- du
postoji razumno prilaze-nj- e
medjunarodnim pitanjima,
iako niko ne moze lorda Mon-tgomerija
da okrivi za simpati-j- e
prema komunizmu.
Hruicov je i ovoga puta na-glas- io da SSSR hoce mir i pri-jateljst- vo
sa svim narodima,
bez obzira na njihovo unutras- -
(Nastavak sa str, 1)
jor Oto Brandfisch sudjelo-va- o
je u ubijanju 19.037 o-so- ba.
© U Engk-sko- j Strajkuje
37.000 radnika Fordove
tvornice automobila, koja
se nalazi u Dagenhamu,
kod Londona.
"N. Y. Times" izvjeS-tav- a
da je u Madridu dije-Ije- n
manifest tajne koalici-j- e
ljeviJarski elemenata, Zi-- ji
je cilj stvaranje demok-ratsk-e
vlade nakon obara-nj- a
Francovog re2ima.
U Austriji je osudjen
Sovjetski utaijak Jevgenij Ko-rotJcije-- id,
koji je bio na relu sov-jetske
antarti£ke ekspedicije od pet
clanova, podnio je Izvjestaj Sov-jetsk- oj
akademiji nauka o rezulta-tim- a
ekspedirije i istakao da
su sovjetski uenjati otkrill dosta
novih podataka o lestom kontinen-tu- .
Korotkijevi je rekao da je eks-podic- ija
prikupila detaljne podat-k- e
o otoku Pobjedo, koje je otkri-l- a
druga sovjetska ekspedicija, Pre-ma
istraiivanju ekspedicije, sjever-n- l
dio ovoff ledenog otoka ima cvr-st- u
zemljanu podlogu, a ju£ni dio
otoka pliva n vodu U polarnoj sta-ni- ci
"Mirnlj' vrSena su ispitiva--
J nja brzine kretanja leda i pomje- -
su bila za nasu kompaniju ma-nj- e
teska nego ito ee mislilo.
Dogadjaji od jula 1960. nuu re-met- ili
posloranje kompanije tj-S- e
od par dana le su prakticki
bili gototo bez posljrdics za
kompleks nase industrijske ak-timo- Nti
u Katangi. Uyjereni
smo da re nam biti i dalje mo-gu- e
ocurati red u Katangi i
spasiti ekonomsku strukturu od
ruina ostalog Konga. Ued, koji
postoji u Katangi, bio je odlu-ra- n faktor za dobar napredak i
plodonosne operarije kompanije
Union Miniere."
bjainjavajuci stanje pred
jednom parlamentarnom
komisijom iznio je i ovo : u-redj- eno je tako da dobrovo-ljci
koji su te§kom mukom
primljeni u vojsku odu na
dopust prve subote nakon
nastupa sluzbe da se svoji-m- a
pokaiu u uniformi. 5lo
se dogadja? Dogadja se to
da se velik broj vraca s tog
prvog dopusta sa 20 funti u
ruci i trazi otpuStanje iz
vojske !
nod Kanadom?
za mir.
Slicna provokacija pro-uzrokova- la
je krah pari-sk- e
konferencije u maju
prosle godine.
Vijesti o operacijama
U-- 2 iz Alaske izazivlju
bojazan Kanadjana da bi
! kanadski sjeverni kraje-v- i
mogli biti upotreblja-van- i
za takve svrhe.
Hruscov poziva na prepvaranje
nje uredjenje On je istakao da
susret sa americkim predsjed-niko- m
u Becu smatra korisnim,
i dodao da de takvi susreti i u
buduce biti korisni.
Sovjetski premijer se zaloJio
za prolirenje kontakata Izme-dj- u
SSSR i zapadnih drzava,
navodeci kao primjer korisnih
diskusija nedavno istupanje
grupe sovjetskih novinara na
americkoj televiziji. "Visoko
cijenimo 5to je americki pred-sjedn- ik
primio grupu nalih no-vinara",
rekao je Hruscov, u-kazu- judi na to da kontakti iz-me- dju zemalja koriste boljem
uzajamnom razumjevanju na-rod- a.
Imajuci u vidu znak Daznle
koji je predsjednik Kennedy po-kaz- ao
1 prema sadainjoj i je-- ; dnoj ranijoj grupi sovjetskih i novinara koji su posjetili SAD
I bili primljeni od sfrane ame-riiko- g
predsjednika. Hruicov je
u suStini zavrSio svoj govor rje-cim- a- "Zelimo da se takva li-n-ija
nastavlja i dalje . . ."
Ukratko izsvijeta
na 9 godina zatvora nacisti-6k- i
zloiinac Egon Schonp-flun- g,
koji je sudjelovao u
ubijanju Jevreja u Poljskoj
i SSSR. Odredi kojima je on
rukovodio pobili su preko
11.000 ljudi.
Poznati izdajnik kon-goansk- og naroda Combe je
pogazio sporazum sa Kasa-vubuovi- m
reiimom u Lco-poldvil- le,
postignut dok je
Combe bi u zatvoru.
U Sovjetski Savez je
stigla grupa od 1000 mladih
kubanskih poljoprivrednika
da se usposobc za poljopri-vredn- c
struJnjake.
NOVI PODACI 0 "SESTOM KONTINENTU
rada
II
ranja snijeine mase za %-rij-eme
mec'ava. Prema pribliinoj procjeni,
u septembru 1960. godine, preko
teritorija. stanice "Mirnij" koja o-buh- vaa teritorij od jednog kilo-metr- a,
mecava je prcnijela oko
milijun tona snijega. Sovjetski u-fenj- aci
vrsili su istraiivanja u ne-ki- m
oblastima Antarktika, "gdje
bi idufih godina bilo sTsishodno
poditi nove naune stanice".
Korotkije%n'i je izrazio zadovolj-st- 4
suradnjom sovjetskih ucenja-k- a
s uenjacima drugih zemalja.
On je rekao da je sovjetski иГе- -
njak Je-seje- v ove zime boravio u
ameriaoj polarnoj stanlci "Mak-Merde- ",
gdje je u suradnji s ame-rilk- bn
kolegama do.lao do zanim- -
Ijivih podataka.
3 A Catholic Speaks
on Cuba
The filming speech uas delivered by Professor LesHe Deuarl to a mass rjfl. Spumed by the Fair Play for Cuba Committee, m Toronto, on May 4, 1%1
Dr. Deuurl is associate professor of philosophy at St. Michael's College, Unhet.
ahhsnkiidej wstohafxteooTlnotoihgnreoyent.eCteoHAn. eNBbiAsourtDanlIsmAoinaNianStmapFiaenOimsnRbaUecnroMdnostfraaanntishtdeedctoeoidnniTttaoHCcrtiuEablwaT,ibtHohDaOrr.hdMisDoIeSffwaTImaN,ritlSayIjcGoainHumrTenC,atuloaboaCn.faenwpHahedilCaocasoolwbpnohilrtytikt.t
I'M tut of opinion uhich will appear fortnightly beginning in September 1961.
When the chairman of the FPCC
(Fair Play For Cuba Committee) asked
me to speak tonight, he delicately hin- ted that perhaps the audience might be
interested to hear why I, a Catholic, lent my support to the Cuban revolution
and to the FPCC. I felt then, on the one hand, delighted at the opportunity to
explain myself and to urge my fellow
Catholics to lend their cooperation to
the cause of fair play for Cuba. On the
other, I was more than a little afraid,
and I still am, that my words might be
of interest, if at all, to Catholics alone,
of which there surely are very few hero
tonight. I persuaded myself to agree on the grounds that if I bore you, you can
always say so, and that if you say so I
can always complain to the chairman
that his programming was faulty. Al-low
me, then, to address myself to my
fellow Catholics here tonight, all three
or four of them perhaps, while the rest
of you indulge us.
I must explain first of all that though
I, a Catholic, support the Cuban revo-lution,
and all the measures that it has
taken to date, and all the policies that
it has pursued to date, I do so not only
as a Catholic. Cuba is my old country,
and I love the old country whence I
came to Canada almost twenty уеагз
ago largely for the sake of political sta-bility
and order. Though this, Canada,
is now my country, I would not deny
what I proudly maintain, namely, a
deep and legitimate concern for the
welfare of those who once were my fel-low
citizens. I believe I would be a
worse Canadian were I disloyal enough
to care nothing for the country of my
childhood. And I must say all this, per-sonal
though it is, because I admit that
without such deep concern for the good
of Cuba it may be very difficult, espe-cially
for Catholics, to share my opi-nion.
I willingly admit, therefore, that
it is perfectly possible, for Catholics as
for others, in this issue as in any other.
to differ from me in perfectly good
faith, and I hope that I shall never sink
to the depths of arguing otherwise. But
may I also hope that a like admission
be granted to me by those from whom I
may differ.
I should point out, however, that
though I may have a special reason to
wish the good of Cuba, and though it
may be understandable if Canadian Ca-tholics,
having no special affection for
Cuba, can easily miss the truth and the
justice of the matter, no Catholic can be
indifercnt to the good of any country.
The duty of all other Catholics towards
truth and justice is just as great аз
mine. And the Christian vocation of
every provincialism, isolationism and
nationalism if he is to be truly a mem-ber
of a Universal Assembly of which
Christ is the Head and King.
But what is the truth and the justice
of the matter? There are, I suppose,
several possible answers, some false,
some true, some truer. It seems to me,
however, that Canadian Catholics so
approach this question that, not only
actually make it impossible for them-selves
to determine the right one. Let
me illustrate : I remember an editorial in
a Catholic newspaper that said, almost
in these very words, "Batista may have
had his faults, but he never gave the
Catholic Church any trouble." Batista
may have had his faults, indeed ! What
is not laughable is the second part of
the statement, which unavoidably re-minds
me of a famous scene in the New
Testament concerning a Roman denar-ius
with Caesar's inscription on it. For
what this newspaper, in effect, ultim-ately
defends, is the view that the cri-terion
of the truth of the matter, and
the measure of the justice of the revo-lution,
are to be found in the agreement
of the Cuban hierarchy. For this news-paper,
it would seem, the only question
that need be asked is rhetorical: is it
lawful to pay tribute to Castro?
I would be the first to affirm the
right, indeed, the duty, of the bishops
of the Church to guide, to teach, to ex-hort,
to bless, to approve, to anathema-tize
and to condemn. But I seriously
question whether the view that the cri-terion
of justice is episcopal approval
STRANA
and that the criterion of truth
copal pronouncement, is more
is epls- -
superstition which in fact has nevemr abneena
taugnt ty the Catholic Church — not
even when it has been common Catholic
practice. Moreover, I wonder whether
such an attitude towards Cuba does not
betray a rather cavalier disregard for
human beings, presumably justified by
a compensating love of God. Yet, the
language of the beloved disciple i?
strong, direct and unequivocal on thl
point: "For ho that loves not his brother
whom he sees, how can he love God
whom he sees not?"
For my part, I cannot claim very well
to have loved my brother. But I know
that I have seen him. I have seen him go hungry, as surely you have, too, if, like
me, you remember the winter of 1930.
But that is not the sort of hunger I have
seen in Cuba, the bust between one
boom and another. I have seen chronic
hunger; hunger as the only legacy of
a man to his son ; hunger so weakening
that it is no longer distressing, because
it has become normal; hunger that is all
the more difficult to notice because it is
surrounded by untold riches and plen-ty.
I am talking of the bloated bellies
of the children of Cuban peasants,
whom even two million city-dwelli- ng Cubans have never seen, as I have seen.
Yet, the city-dwell- er has seen other
things, as I have seen also. I doubt if
many of you have seen a woman at one
moment waiting for a street car, and at
the next trampled under the hoofs of
the horse of a mounted soldier charging
the sidewalk. Why? Because constitu-tional
guarantees were suspended, and
the group of five or six persons waiting
for the street car could be construed as
a forbidden assembly. But I have seen
it happen : I saw it happen from the bal-cony
of my home. I wonder if many of
you . . . have seen a man beaten to the
ground with the flat blade of a mach-et- c, because he did not lower his eyes.
Watching it happen, as I have seen it
happen, is an experience that I recom-mend
to any one before he rushes into
an appraisal of the Cuban revolution.
I have seen indentured labour, too.
It was not outlawed in Cuba until two
years ago, by Fidel Castro. Which re-minds
me: a Cuban bishop wrote, com-menting
on the Land Reform Law, that
indentured labour was "not immoral in
itself, but only in its application." This
may well be true. It is also true that its
application, to the best of my know-ledge,
had never been denounced by
any Cuban bishop before.
In any event, the point I wish to make
i3 that I know what it is like to live in a
police state. Yet, this expression is not
quite correct. For the oppression imme-morial
of the Cuban masses had no ide-ology
behind it. . . Besides, the condi-tion
of Cuba before Fidel was a settled
condition: corruption and disorder in-volving
to a greater or lesser degree very
large proportions of the population,
especially in the city, had been erected
into a way of life ; and there was no rea-sonable
hope of return to an order that
had never existed. The Cuba in which
I lived as a child had long since become-norma- lly
abnormal. Disorder itself had
been regulated and institutionalized. A
better term, therefore, might be gang-ster
state. I have lived in a world of in-fantile
and moronic cruelty, where mur-der
and torture have been undertaken
not by zealots, but by mental deficients
having fun. Three of these, by the way,
each with about thirty or forty murders
to his credit, and one of them the au-thor
of unspeakable forms of torture,
together with 135 former Batista sol-diers
and policemen, and together with
about 800 other Cubans who collective-ly
represented 918,141 acres of land,
676 apartment buildings, about 9,000
houses, 70 industrial firms, 10 sugar
mills, 2 banks and 5 mines, were among
those who tried to liberate Cuba last
April 17. It was they who, in Kennedy's
phrase, tried to "win Cuba back to free-dom."
It was they who, as one of their
three Spanish chaplain put it, had come
to Cuba "in the name of God to free her
from atheism and materialism."
(To be continued)