Vapaus, May 17, 1956

              rAiN
»emiuttainas.
isen hann»
I. en 00 sii3
vamoo sosia
les-lU
ikingissä "pii-a
o l i kutsua
'alkkasystee-ttyviä
;kyqr-yöläisten
ja
Sten,; .asiajj.
ammattien
leisestä ko-assa
noste-i
j en palkko-^
ty;askel'9s.
in sosialisg.
lä. Palkkoja
iiomioimäan
v a j a toisis-'
imoin kuiö
inat. , -
vat eri mi.
sekä puö-attiliittojen
i s t u i myös
I valtioneu-tiou
En-Iai,
hun ja Kii-usjäijesiön
l i .
ioteenl952;
ikaan vier-
4,300 kilo-
Jehu - 35 Years
H a s y readers bave tmdoubtedly noticed i n tfig p;tper
[jehu AthleUc C l u b . i n Beaver Lake is preparing to m a r k i t s S S t h
annivfirsary with a* ga]a celebration on Sundäy, May ^ t h . Only
rtfcently the oldest club i n the sports federation. Y r i t y s celebrated
iis fiftieth anniversary.
These two cluos probably better.than anything show the diversi-ncd
life of the Finnish inunigrants v h o establlsbed themselves in
their new adopted homeland folIowing the t um of the «entoiy. The
[Toronto club Y r i t y s exemplifies the trades and indostrial wörkers
umong the inunigrants while the Jehu represents that portion of
the Finnish immigrants whose l i f e i n Finland bad been the soil
und who upon arriving i n Canada overcame almost insurmountable ^
:.dds to establish productive fanns i n the wildemess of Ontario.
It sbould be noted that the early settlers of the:Beaver Lake
»rea had no roads to a i d them i n settling and oj^ning up the d i s t r i ct
vn abundance of work in the nickel mines öf the Sudbury district
littracted the early immigrants, but the insecurity of the mining
^ndustry with its ups and downs led them to seek Security i n . l i fe
uv establishing farms on the homestead l a n d s . B e f o r e many years
lad gone by farming.becoming the chief occupationwith only the
|i\ inter season being spent i n the mines.
'Jo the everlasting credit of these early pioneers, who work
tndless hours at the arduous task of clearing land, they were not
i tisfied with simply. existing. but banded together to build a com-b
u n i t y hali i n the wildemess which became an important centre
][or cultural and sports activities. To the credit of these same pioneers
the hali has been maintained i n excellent qondition and the cultural
•iiul sports activities have continued without a lapse.
•Ardent athletes cleared out a s i t e for a sports field and track
iind-Avith the help of horses and scrapers an excellent job was done
in «Keating a field. It is also interestuig to note that the Jehu is
^hefiist club i n the Finnish-CanadianAmateur Sports Federation to
Jjoast a 400 raetre track.
I 'Desplte a great deal of interest i n track and field. Jehu has
liiroughout its long period ö f existence been noted as an outstanding
Llub'ln the field of cross-country skiing arid has often been mentioned
being the club that has done most for the advancement of cross-country
skiing i n Canada. Even the immediate past history indicates
lat j e h u skiers have reigned supreme i n F G A S F cross-country meets.
)n\y"m the läst few$ears has the club been seriously threatened for
Kupremacy in this f i e l d with the arrival of new immigrants from
•'inYdnd who are masters of the slats.
Perhaps the fact that skis were the only mode of Winter trans- ,
aoriation for many decades is. the reason that cross-country skiing
uiyed in Beaver Lake.
' Something that w i l l eventually be recognized as a great feqt in
^lie annals of Canadian sports history are the t w o t r i p s that Beaver
Lake s k i e r s made to Timmins and back in a dlrect route through
the bushlands of Ontario. Itseems that the skiers thought they cöuld
tover the distance faster on skis rather than using the conventionäl
systqm of travelling i n those days — that is riding the röds. '
There are many bther important accomplishments in the pages
öf the club^s history but space does not permit dealing With them
pl lliis time. '
But to get back to more modem times. One of the interesting
iicts loday about the Jehu A . C . is that i t has retained a large active -
fonowing pf both older and younger generation members aiid the
lub operates veryefficiently with both Old and young i n the leader-phip.
The membership has great pride i n their club and i t has been
umored that members have retained their membership for^ years
ven after, moving out of the d i s t r i c t Looking back on: the achieve- /
nents.of the club any member of Jehu can certainly be proud of
he traditions. , ; ^
But the important thing is to look ahead and continue the
iiportant community work that has been carried on by the^dub
nd to. make the strength of the club a. rear threat 'to' otheE- cjubs v
1 future sports meets. There^is no.doubt that Jehu could become .
ne of t h e " b i g guns" i n the F C A S F by taking an even'more active
•ole in track and field. . - "
In honor of. this important anniversary the club is reviving one
[of the sports that ,was very popular at one time — crossKiountry
|i iinning. On Sunday, May 27, runners representing many clubs w i l l i
fbe competing for F C A S F champiönships over the same c o i u ^ that
pas used by those sports conscious immigrants whofounded this
,thriving club.
[ The whoIe Finnish populätion i n the Sudbury District w iU be
icelebrating this important occasion and it is to be hoped that a li
dubs w i l l berepresented in the cross-country run. • -
lamping is an Enjoyable
X^ay of Spending Holidays
siitä''
tävät/'
imnie
, seu-lellä-
;'
äniis-;
teillä '
kah-
)ksi".
isa aje­l
i n Yh-a
kuul­ta,
joka
ään Mc-des
mi-,
mt La-sä
käyt-iistä
sii-i
n (pai-
" v a i n "
•vääriä"
a. Ku-tta
To-ys",
aä-
Isuudet
l i s U e n "
miais*
n " Bo-naisten
iimnsai'.
tapauk-
"kom-ti
'vää-nistiEO
; W i t h m i l l i o n s Upon m i l l i o n s bf
pres of forest land, Canada is
[ u l y a camper's paradise. And^
\om the w e s t c o a s t of B r i t i sh
folumbia to the r o c k y shores o f t he
pri times, an e v e r g r o w i n g n u m b er
Canadians are l e a m i n g . t h e dCr
[ghtful experience of camping in
i« out-of-doors.
Some of these campers r e g a rd
^ y s i c a l comfort as.a p l e a s u r c ; t h at
Hist be s a c r i f i c e d on the
fj, trip. However, m u c h of the
i s c o m f o r t can be averted by f o l -
p j n g a f e w r u l e s t h a t a r e k n o wn
outdoorsmen.
The choosing of a t e n t s i t e i s the
^ain " f e a t u r e bf a camping t r i p.
3ok for high, d r y g r o u n d upon
Jhich'. to p i t c h your t e n t U y ou
loose a l o w spot you may wake
j> m ' t h e m i d d l e of the n i g h t a nd
(nd that a t h u n d e r s t o rm has f l o o d -
your camp.
T h e - i d e a l s i t e sfaould get a l i t t le
aorning s u n , b u t b e s h a d e d d u r i ng
36 f e m a i n d e r of the day. The
Jcation s h o u l d be free f r o m b n i sb
t h i c h shuts off the breeze and
|ai bors insect.
Bö c e r t a i n that a l i window5 a nd
J t h e r - openings are . p r o t e c t e d by
i e l t f n g . B l a c k f l i e s a n d mosquitoes
Ire bad pests e v e r y w h e r e i n Cana-
|a. A good idea is to g i v e t h e in-
?rior of y o u r t e n t a-squiA . w i t b ä
) D T . : bomb before you gö io bed.
r h i s ^ s h o uM - e n s u r e absolute free-l
o r a - i r o m . a l i outdoor insects. -
A ^ s i e e p i n g bag a n d a i r mattress
i k e s a compact, c o m f o r t a b l e c a mp
k d . S i n c e there is Often f r o s t at
)ighLi,in m i d s u m m e r in m a n y p a r ts
)f Canada, t h e s i e e p i n g bags s h o u ld
le d o w n f i l l e d.
C o a l ; o i l l a n t e m s are .r a - good
fource of l i g h t i n g , , o f f e r i n g both
pconomy and a good steady. l i g b t
^^ou;should have a t l e a s t a couple
)i flashUghtstoo.'
A - •>gasoline camp: stove - m a k e s
cooking a more p l e a s a n t task in
f he -^ummertime, a n d y ö u c a n cook
ioyifiSng that can be cooked on
your gas or electric stoveat home;
If you do build a camp fire use
care. Each year hundreds of .ifbrest
fires are started by careless camp^
ers. The camp: f i r e should bb far
enough from tents. to avoid any
danger of flying sparks< Select
a smooth area over, hard ^earth.
Clear^ the area removing atl dry.
grass, weeds and leaves for several
feet i n a l i directions. Build your
camp- fire in the centre of this cleared
area.
Be careful of trees with lowhahg-:
i n g limbs and don't build yoiir fire
against a fallen log o r s t u m p . lt
may smolder and brust-into flames
long after you have left the areal
B i r c h bark is the best; of alj
natural materials for fire starting:
The smally' dead under. branches of
conifers, make good tinder and wiU
get your fire going in a hurry: Look
for good fuel for • your fir& Cut
open Old stumps, as many of 4hem
have solid wood inside- • r"^;
After the fire has served; its
purpose, make sure that it is cqm;^
pletely out Spread the asbes tb
uncover embers and douse liberal
quantities of water over the fire
site.
Camping clothes should be com­fortable
and durable^ Jeans ;and
long sleeved shuls, for; protectioil
against insects, are ideal. A . w a nn
j a c k e t v i s e ^ n t i a l for those chiliy
nightsJ.
Drinkittg water should.be l>plled:
for 20 minutes before d r i n k i n g if
there is any question at ali; ;as, tp
its purity. Get to recognizeUie
edible wUd plants that are Vfoupd
mmm
Brantford's 15 year old swim-ming
sensation Sara Berber at
the recent Ontario vindoor
champiönships broke a total of
8 Canadian swim records; four
of which will be recognized
officially. Sara along with a
number of other women swim-mers
are Ganada's best hope for
laurels at the Olympics.
UNITY IS STRENGTH
The Story Behind the Labor Merger
By B E N S H EK
Workers' groups forroed for the
defence.; of their rights and Uveli-hood
:go back a' long way into Ca^
nadian history. J n the 18th century,
history books t e l i us, "coureurs-de*
bois", fur.trappers for tbe^HudsoATs
Bay and' Northwest compantes,:
banded together and struck against
their, employers: for, better pay. :
The merger of the Canadian Con-gress
of Labor and the Trades and
Labor Congress of Canada into the
'new Canadian: Labor Congress is a
big step towards uniting ali Cav
nadian workers i n one trade unlon
centre. How did i t some about? ^
The Trades and; Labor Congress
was formed in 1886, Jjringing toge^
ther many unions organized around;
a single c r a f t o r trade, and most:-ot
whom were affiliated withv the"
American ;Federation of Labor in
the U..S Then, through the years
until the evc of the Second World:
War, there were many- di.sputes in
the T L C w h i c h , under orders from
The King of Vegetabies
Read this artlcle, and' you may
have a healthier 'respect for that
seedy-looking cob next time you
go to a com-roast with the gang.
Botanists are not too certain how
corn originated. A' few' types of
South American 'Wild ^ grasses have
been discovered 'which may have
been its ancestors. It' has be^n
estimated thatfit has taken several
thousand years of cultivation by
the Incas, Aztecs and others to
produce it as •we know' i t today.
Taking up where the Aztecs l e f t off,
modem farmers and scientists have
developed thousands of corn va-rieties
suitable for growing i n every
part of the World,
Because of the development of a
prötluctiye hybrid-com seed' and
ideal clitnatic conditions, the Unit­ed
States harvests more than. half
the world's total output; Recently,
the -Soyifet y n i o n / l a u n c h f f d a tre-mendous
compaign - tb .raise the
Production of corn. Besides its vai-'
ue as a food, especially f o r fatten-ing
livestock, some of the Indus­trial
uses of corn give ampfe reason
for SO much stress i n increasing the
corn acreage. <
CORN E V E R Y W H E RE
If you look around, you w i l l pro­bably
see at least a dozen or more
items made from corn products.
Some of these may be new discover-ies
fresh from the labbratories,
others may be as much as a hun­dred
years old. For ~. instance, if
your glasses • are made with safety
glass, then you can be sure there
i s corn i n them. When you sit on
a chair, there is com-starch i n the
fabric. The leather of your shoes,
the paint on ,the Wall, women's
stockings, car tires and refrigerator
insulation, a l i may cobtain one or
more of the products tumed out
by corn refineries.
On top of this, breakfast cereal
makers process millions of bushels
a year and we eat another few mil­lien
bushels unprocesed, as sweet
corn and popcorn. Millions of bush-m
delightful addition to your outdoor
d i e t
Don't let the fear of wild anir
mals and snakes spoil your vacatiom
Y o u l l i i n d that they are as anxious
to keep away f r om you as you are
f r om them.:lhj-eality you a r c m u d i
safer i n tbe woods than you ^ are
on the roads and h i ^ w a y s of your
city.
Another Name
Added To List Of
Four-Minute Miiers
One more name, t h a t o f J i m B a i l e y ,
has been added to the l i s t o f famous
runners who have cracked the four-minute
mile. Before a crowd o f 40.-
000 tbe 26-year-old A u s t r a l i a n , as-tounded
the sporting world recently
when he defeated his famous
countryman, J o h n Landy. An a spec-tacular
race at Los Angeles, U . S. A .
B a i l e y ' s time :was 3:58.6 to Liandy's
time of 3:58.7. This is t h e f i r s t time
t h a t the f o u r minute b a r r i e r has been
breached o n U . S . s o i l.
B a i l ^ is the s i x t h m a n t o r u n the
m i l e under. f o o r r m i n u t e s a n d h e did
t h i s exactIy.two y e a r s Uess o n e day)
after the great Roger Bannister elec-t
r i f i e d the sporting World by becom-i
n g the f i r s t man i n history to ac-compUsh
the feat.
T h e f o u r - m l n u t e m i l e has been bror
k e n II times i—I^andy of A u s t r a l ia
els more go to distillers who turn
i t into Industrial alcohol and gin.
About 15 percent of the "corn
kernel is water. Four-fifths of iJie
rest is carbohydrate and ther other-fifth
contains assorted proteins and
oil. Corn refiners are called wet
millers because to separate ihe
starch. and, other ingrcdients, they
first steep the kerncls in warm
water for a couple of days. This
loosens tbe hulls and corn germs.
Then* when the kernels are crush-ed,
the light. oily germs float away,
the hulls are screened off and the
protein whirled away i n a separator.
G L U E A N D SUGAR
.White starch is the main product
of corn refinery and' is what. re-mains
^ after the other parts have
been rcmoved. Starch has infinite
uses. It is highly digestible and an
Excellent'^thickener • fo'r' foöd 'pro^
ducts such as soups and desserts.
Starch i s also roasted.in enormous
cookers which turn it into dextrins.
The adhesive on the flap of an
envelope may be a dextrin, or the
package m t h your favorite cereal
may be sealed with a dextrin type
adhesive.
: Another class of corn-starch is
made by mixing starch with hydro-chloric
acid, then cooking i t The
result is corn syrup.
If the acid solution is slightly
stronger, approximately the same
strenght as i n your stomach (where
i t is an essential part of your diges-'
tive juices) the result is corn sugar,
and eventually dextrose. Dextrose is
identical to the sugars in your
blood.
F r om the corn germs (each about
a 15th part of the kernel )j the
refiners press over ^00 million
pounds of oil every year for use
principally in cooking oils salad
oil and margarine. - Smaller amounts
are used in the manufacture. of
soaps. leathers and paint
The rest of the kernel consists of
gluten (a protein) and from this
is extracted another protein called
zein: Small amounts of zein go into
printing inks and hair lacquers, but
its chief use is visera which is a
synthetic fibre for suits.
As for the cobs themselves, they
are useful too, as com-cob pipes,
packing and : insulating materials.
So, next time you smoke a pipe,
wear a starched shirt of eat crispy
corn flakes, just remember . that
you owe it a l i to corn.
the ,•U.S. headquarters of the con-servative
A F L uniQns, resulted in
expulsion of important organiza*
tions. These were canried througb^
on the grounds of "dual ,unionism'V
and because of, tbe rise of unions
i n the '30's basing ^themselves on
Industrial . organization. ^ (Craft,
unions, hand together workers of
only one particular trade, e.g.,
moulders. Thus, .in r one factory,
there may be flve, six or even 10
ui^ipns representing various workr
ers. Industrial - Unions^ more pro-,
gressive in character, band together
a l i workers of a p a ^ c u l a r factory,
or an entire Industry, into one
union which speaks f o r a l i the work-ers.)
> I n 1035, the Committee for In­dustrial
Organization (CIO) was
formed within the A F L to organize
workers i n the mass production in«'
dustries like rubber, automotive,
Steel. After bitter batUes. the craft
leaders of the A F L expelled groups
adhering to the CIO, which i n 1936
became the Congress of Industrial
Organizations. Under U.S. pressure,
Canadian counterparts of the U.S.
Industrial unions were expelled
f r om the T L C i n 1939.
The all-Canadian Congress of
Labor had been formed In 1927;
based mainly on tmions without
U.S. affiliation. These joined the
expelled -unions to form the Cana­dian
Congress of Labor i n 1940. The
C C L " membership nearly tripled
during the :war period, to nearly
400,400 at merger time a few weeks
ago. Tlie older T L C had more tl>an
600,000 affiliates.
It should be pointed out that
Comhiunist leaders like T im Buck,
J ; B. ^Salsberg, Harry Hunter and
others^ who did: pioneering work
i n building unions i n auto; steel.
furniture, needle trades, bitterly
fought against ;the split that oc-curred
in 19^9. A s early as 1923,
T im Buck called for a merger of
a l i labor organizations into one
mighty trade unlon centre. Wlth
the forming- of the Canadian Labor
"'Cohget^; thtA' dreänl has come
much doser to reality.
The Toronto convention which es-tablished
tbe new Canadian Labor
Congress A p r i l 2 3 - i - 2 7 , ^ a 8 a n cx-citin^
event Delegates from ali
parts • of Canada were • seized: w i th
the grand idea that they had creat-ed
a; powerful arm for Canada's
workers and their families to win
a secure, happy, peaceful life.
The economic program of the
CLC placed the fight for a com-prehensive
National Health Insur­ance
pian f i r s t Also it wlll fight
for a 30-hour week, withou8 loss of
pay, to h(t back at unemployment,
and the effects of automation. A n ­other
demand is for the federal
government to institute a national
labor ccKde with uniform, progres-sive
labor l e g i s l a t i o n a p p l y i n g to
all provinces.
A concerted drive to organize
thousands of workers i n depressed
and substandard Industries w i l l be
a major objective of the Congress.
Also, the fight against the sell-out
of Canada'8; natural resources and
for an all-Canadian publicly-owned
natural gas pipeline w i l l be main-tained.
Even though they did not come
to the floor, there. were many re-solutions
calling for improvements
in apprenticeship trainingj with
higher grants and shorter time; a
substantial federal government
scholarship scheme to allow more
workers' and farmers' cbildren to
attend university; and the establish-ment
of a government Health and
Sports Council, with subsidies for
building mueh-needed recreational
faclUUes.
On l o r e i g n policy,rSupport wa8
given to a i ! efförts tö ban A.' and
Hbombs; and stop their' tests; i o r
recognition o f P e o p l e ' s -China; ifor;
Vmaximum trade wHh the Commu-nist
countries-' i n a l l execpt •*strate-gic"
good5u-
Although coId-war red-baitlng
s t i l l permeated some poUcy state-^
ments i n relation to new affiliates
and political action, the Congress*
approach on uniting f a rm l a b o r , co-operative/
C C P groups i n Joint ac­tion
is a positive step ahead. Oe-:
feat of a dause i n the proposed con-stitution
that would have' barred
''those espousingCommuhismin..-"
from being delegates or holding.ofr
flce in the C L C o r any affiliate, was
a victory for clvil rights.
The way has been opened for. a
still stronger Congress. Negotlations
w i l l begin with the 100,000-member;
CathoIicSyndicates unions of Que-;
bec for affiliation; and also w i t h the
unaf filiated railway uninos the Uni­ted
Mine Worker3 and the One B ig
Union of Manitoba. Many delegates
privately expressed the opinion that
important lefMed unions like the
Mine, M i l l and Smelter Worker8,
and the United ElectricalAVorkers,
should also be i n the new:Congress.
So did some 20 resolutions. This
rising sentiment indicates that ail-in
unity is not far off.
The formation bf the Canadian
Labor Congress ris a ^ great event,
and promlses much for; Canada'8
working people, 'young and old^
With fighthing spirit, it wiU lead
to more and more conquests of the^
good things of life for the produ-cers
of Canada's wealth.
mWS ONE IN EVERY OUTFIT-a
l i areas. Y o u l l iiää YMetA^STttas done i t 5 times. Boger. Bannister
of England (iiow retired as a track
man) tvice.r a n d T a b o r i of Hungary
d i a t a v a y of Bngland, Hew8on of
E n g l a n d a n d ;Bailey of A u s t r a l i a a l i
have r u n t h e m i l e under four. minutes
once.
. I J n i i ^ conditions : we
dare say. t h a t tbe f b u r - m i n u t e marlc.
w m be lef t i n t a t t c » i n Melbourne,
A u s t r a l i a , n e x t N o v e m b e r , . .
m» tmoi&HiFiED
T0 6EtON&TO
A ONtor* •
PMCHEe'
*fittY5U0ULO
Z PAY
pues?'
TOA(3HlOt4
WiU.i4URT
MYCHAKCES
OFe€60MBO
A B O S S , ,
«n-umou
ALASM
iGeTUP-moHnieHfioNea
Äcr
oisTORjee.
fOMlONSAReA
Yoiitli ^Conference
Criiisizes Rise In
University Fees
More than 100 delcgates>r- repre*
senting political, religious and edu
cational young peoples* clubs—^
criticized the incrcase i h Universi
ty of Toronto tuition fecs at the
first annual ^ meeting of the Cana
dian Youth conference.
Speakers said the high fees were
" a n insurmountable barrier" to
many young people continuing their
education. Adiscu^slon led by
John Lee of the University of To­ronto,
agreed that more government
aid to universities was a necessity.
The conference organized by the
Toronto CCF youth organizations;
began Saturday morning and lasted
until Sunday e v e n i n g . l t is design
ed to bring the various youth
groups in Toronto together to dis-cuss
political economic and social
problems confronting Canada.
A t the opening session Saturday
representatives from youth ^groups
of the Liberal, Conservativey CCF,
Social C r e d i t a n d L P P parties ex
pounded their poUcies to conferenr
ce delegates .
A brief f l u r r y occurrcd when Ted
Rogers of the Young Progressive
Conservative club questioned the
adequacy of the proposed national
health scheme.
, '•Why don't you ask Mr. Frost?"
a heckler shouted. *
' ' M r . Frost has done more than
any other man i n Canada to; pro-mote
health Insurance," Mr. Rogers
replied.
• "More than Premier Douglas of
Saskatchewan?" said a CCF dele-gate.
"Just take a look at the facts,"
Mr, Rogers replied. ''Who has the
largest staff studying the health
scheme?"
B i l l Grant another C C F delegate,
rctorted that' "Premier Frost was
good at studying problems, Premier
Douglas was good at solving tliem."
However despite political differ-ences
delegates unanimously agreed
on two points: Canada should adopt
its own national f l a g and the voting
age should be reduced to 18 years.
During a heated debate on con$r
cription, a majority of the dele­gates
said that with the present em>
phasis on atomic warpower^ the
emphasiS; on manpower/could be
lightened.
. , - ,. „. i S S S I » ' ^ ' ^ :"
n9 in
tbe 'Vlatoadl* Pictetter and
<aa»»Ub sane «f tbe onnurons
Vnbkaas taietA by m fangrfaiBlly
InflDlaad.)
F s n n l n f in Finland Is dUflcult Xt
can be esdUng and 4 t can be: very
frustraUnff.' Xt Isseldom reoUzed that
Finland Ues level wttb Greenland.
Xt i s the farthest nortte that culUvat-ed
plants can be grovn. - Even then.
Special neasures have to be taken.
Berry buSbes, for enunple have to
be carefuUy protected against the
heavy frosts., Xn the partlcularly ae-
S U S P E C T S
Poet: "1 propose to publish .my
poems under the name of J o hn
S m i t h . "
C a n d i d F r t e n d ; " V / e l l , don'fr t h i nk
i h a f s p l a y i n g the game."
Poet: "TVljy n o t ?"
Candid F r i e n d ^ " J u s t t h i n k o f tbe
thousands of Innocent m e n who w lD
be suspccted.
iVere ;Winter o f 1939 ~ «O almost every
apple tree i b Finhmd wa3 kUIed by
frost The, siroplest solution wpuld be
to concentrate . on growIng- a. few
plants. .But slmpliclty adds to the
risk ~ OI» crop can fail where ahi;
other would surviye unfavourable cli*
matic conditions.' Hence, as at this
f arm, several ^ varietles are , grown as
a sort of bisurance.. But the choice
ot eropa, Is not alL They must be
cultivated for itarvesting at the right
time for selling. The Finnish fattner
must have a blend of inteUigence and'
native wlt to manage as weU. aa hls
counteiKUurts J n -more favourable' c l i -
mates,
« • •
Kalle Oksanen^ f arm "KalUomttki",
at'Sipoo; the .home of eight persons,
Is a smaU holdbig.
The brunt ot the work, inevitably,
has faUen^nfather K a l l e a and mo-ther
<Dagny'8 shoulders. But, as in
all wellmanaged enterprlse.5, ihere Is
a dlstlnct division of-labour. "Cow8,
l am convincedrcome under the hcad«>
ing of women's ohoreaif', says the f a r -
mer'8 wlfe, The daughters do the
mllking and the shQUsewife:leeds the
cattle/ She also looks after the tcn
plgs. .The poultry run. houaing 100
birds, is also ft femole responslbthty,
today asBumed by one ot the daugh*
ters. Alibouirh the two turk^eys are
kept more forornament than gain,
they also have to be cared for.
' 'lUils, the farmyard work, is but one
part ot the wonmen'8 work. The öther
Is of «ourse < Indoors; primorlly J n the
kitohen. Tlie costs of fcedtng the
hirgc faml*y must be kept down. But
this< consideratton. must bc ;vwelghcd
against the fact thot a l i the mejtnbers
'9f the höusehold^are; workhig (rqm
morning to nlght and requhre-subs-^
iantia), npurishment. Rye and whcat,'
Kvlled grain, meat, milk, root vege-
'tables,^berrieä and frultcome from
the farm itself. The farmer's wlfe
bakes some 28 bushels ot rye f lour and
Bs.much wheat flour every year Into^
toayes.
'The farm's milk.is dellvered to the
dairy, from whlcH i n return the far-mer
receives hisbutter. The butter
eaten.^by the housohold is nearly 25
Ibs a month,^still beIow^the overage'
for Finhmd. After butter, coffee and
sugar are the ^princlpal foodstuffs
that ^ v e to be purchasedL Some
mlght closs coffee a lurury. It so,
tea IB a luxury i n England.
In any case quite apart from what
tiie hou8e)u>ld wouId like to ihavc,
there must be something to offer
guests. , . ,
Kalliomäki has only 10 acres of fo­rest,
unusually little i n Finland. For
this reason, and unliite the case on
small farms wlth larger forest hold-
Ings, the fields must give the maxi-nium
possible ylcld,' They must pro-duo^
the money needed for essentia!
purchases and for taxes, Indeed.vthe
färm has been planned to give fuU
employment to eli the members of
the famlly. 2.6-r3i76 acres grow sugar
beet, ^—.7, roöt crops, To harvest
the crops;' the women must also woriE
m
i
Two Toronto Giris
Head for finiand
Toronto, — The youth of Finland
are planning a tremendous cultural
affair on June 22, 23, 24th at " J u ­hannus".
The "Kesä K i s a t " as they
are called w i l l b e h e l d i n the city
of Turku. »Some five thousand
young people are expected to parti-cipate
i n the activities of that
weekend. SInce last f a l l , rehear-sals
liave been i n f u l l swing, and a
mass F o l k Dance Group of nearly
one thousand w i l l be performing, a i
SO choirs, and F o l k Song groups in
volving several hundred people w i ll
be on hand to entertain. This gala
veek-end is expected to be the larg­est
and most successful cultural
event that the Finnish Democratic
Youth' League has yet sponsored.
' A letter of greeting is being sent
from the F C A S F to the Kesä K i s at
with Nancy Tervola, who, with Mrs,
Tervola and' A n j a Sorvali is saillng
for Euro];)e on May 26tb. We are
looking fonvard for an eyerwitness
report from the girls, who will be
attending the "Kesä Kisat". Nancy
and A n j a pian to stop off i n France
for a few days, and from there' to
travel to Finland/where,they will
l>e siyending the summer. It certain­l
y w i l l be a wonderful experience
f o r the g i r l s , as there are many lus-torical
places to visit i n Finland,
they wiU undoiibtedly find man/'
i r i e n d s amongst the youth.
A U the folks i n Toronto are wish-i
n g you Good Luck and Bon Voy-age!
'in^-tpB^ieMin^it»*^^
Finaily, i n the iiou8e»lfe'a4!pheM « 0 * t
«rork. there is t h e a t l r l a i j M r l a n t l i i M ^ ' iM
tion of d o t t l n g ; Tbe lasin w--JUij>^'^\^yl
from its own «hecp. ?ut i u s t pS^Srlx
omg the purcha» «f ne^^i^ic&tilft^H. t-l-C
and even more'tosepli^ It In a a&flj''' j'^r?
of repair, require» a lot oftboUiÄt'*
and time. It tskesisome planning l l ^ ^
breed a buli caU so ^ t whenf t h e i l t i i l ^ , / - ; ,
comcslt can beednverted iHl&^iaje,' - ^ ^•'s
prlce of wtater coat for ene*of ^ -
And now let us have a toek ist.fbej^;
farmer. He plans the wärk« 4U^äuii '
how n Is to be done'and lioi^/JQje. y j:
money k tö be spent Bistuui^beeä^'^ j\
an experimentol farm for mw^''ifif$(PHty''' :X
so lie kecps acbouht Jbooki';'l^ey;c(reVi^'
a Valuabie and ever^nstilted mvxäs^^ r'
The starttngopohit In his phm|'/llh"' •! j'^^-
,the effort to grow as,many varietles<x,
of plant a& possible. One specles t&ib^'/,; , < ȣ1
prove more siiscep^lble\to< sudd^flt,^^^ '
weather changes than another.' fiOjRjv
must alviroys insure himself.^ Xn.^oct j
"Kolllomälsr . grpws, today ^ tUttiljM^^^^ . ^,
potatoe», sugar beets, cabbagea.,;and,\^- l
Every ^hanne) from .whlch^ i^nes%^ij<;' --^
earntngs might be retumed to Mt^h
this lorge family of eight must.be gBj^jj,'
refully supervlsed. And quiW^aiiirfi,,,^^|
from Uie family necds, there ^s, ti^^fz* i
verTcndlng Ilst of bastc rg»ahrs J
improvcroentR required.on the WtL'P ::
and in the buiidhigs. the; faSn-!}
bouse wds'doheup]ast. Next Viii tiij^^^'
are the outhousea^ Inevitably. tlie tSihif^
mer not only plans thSs?,repäir ^9ig^*:'| -
but himsclf ^sually corries it,oui;-;r"- •
Keephig the fields i n ' good condf^'!^^
tlpU/ l a a partlcularly Ijard J o b , Seti*'>4 ;
ween 430 and 645 doUors wortliM(iiJ(»v^
fcrtlJIzers aro «unk every ycair intojöi^^^ ; , 1
fleld area of 33 acres. .Btate si^bsiäln^;, ' "
for fertillzers toiol' a little over'TOT-'
per year. The farmer thlnks tha£'iäftP"
the fuss atout över-subsldizbig ' ^ . ^ t / 1
culture Is much ado aboiit nothlngitnftf:
T l i l s is, as was mentioned e a i ^ f ^ ^'
a so«called 'bookkceplng farm."- The v
farmer is ä planner, a thinker
wonder he Is called pn.to serve^*da"v''>
many IPcat conunitteesand oHiäl>u^'f \
tlonal bodlcs. He serves on the^leeSrif ^
municipar council, the land assess- '
ment board, the .electrtdtytuisdciA^ ( ,
tion, the snmU fanners*' 80ctety> eto. ^[
Iti o l i takes up .valuabie Ume l i e «an^^ .
ui affprd from the'farm* %. f- - - 4 : ; . ^
' *euc!h money eamlngs as he rt»jff^^^
are depositcd hi the a^ylngs tranlf^;-:
But i t t s unlikely.that they atay tlldEtf^^;. \
long, One,ot Uie> biggest,,demfutd»»r». \
on^ls slcnder means i» the educaOaitbv
of the-^chUärÄnrVTlie^öldeijfclBÖnÄ;^ :i
matriculatcd and is nDW t a l d n g^^H» s /
veterinary 8utgcon's tmtaisiaikm»*.^
The youngeit daughter I s^t ai«c<|Äil2*^
dary school.. The eWest,daugb*«»*'*f?-^ ^
in a homo economlcs scbooL* ' , * " " S J '
A subject often' dlscuRted' i n i t h ^ ^ <
f a rm homestead Is whatwage8'Ä|i«ild Y^\
be pald to each member of thefamily*^
for work done on the farmi >The eop*; j
cluslon always reached'is that t t i ^ ^ '
funds avoOable^for-disteibutton'»»?* ;
tö slendcr that (*hey would Ju^t iB$*4-^ ' \
appear if sliared o u t But^ of •c»t^^4« ^
the work put Into the fan»"wlll,bejg
taken into consideratioi>. when tgffiri. :
question of divldlng up the heritsgi»'!^ '
arlses. \ ^ ' ' "^'^rV
Vixginir. *Oeorge says ill^healtlhu'
always ottäcks onCs weake8t sQOfJf'-^^!-
Frlcnd .(8weetly>; ''You do,.hair^ ft,^^
lot of 3ieadacfaes don't you deäiie^f-r-'^
mm
im m
KJAUPUNGIN
ALHAISIN MAKSU:
% arvosta T
T U R V A L L I S I M T O R K I S - , , , ^ ,
j a V I L L A V A A T X B I D B N " ,
K Y L ^ f i t S A I L Y T y S P A X i C K A r
Luotettavat a j u r i t ' -
Puh. OS. 3-3665 <
i
FUa CO. fSudbury? lOTiTJ
25 E l m St^ E .
i Ml nm