Zwilazkowiec Alliancer, March 04, 1981

              fffg'ilTlMMfcKVKK M' Ał'" nni nyinu rnniiM 1- -31 ' "-- "- -- -- A Tur h Mfe i ni — M w iwaajt
The
by
views
fi
in
i by Dr Jan Dukszła
In my role as MPP for
Pai-ktlal- e riding I have des--
voted considerable attention
to tbe problems in Eastern
Europę In parlicular I have
always been concerned about
the issue of human rigbts
and the opporlunily for free
dissenl and criticism of 'the
"system" in the Ukrainę
Sovict Union Czechoslovakia
and Poland
The plighl of the dissidents
iias louched all of us Men
like Vladimir Moroz are lo
be admired for their courage
sta mina and commilmenl lo
their cause As a result ii is
inipcralive for those of us in
Canada to respond willi signs
of suport and encourage-meh- t
In recent years members
of the Polish communily have
been in the forefront in sup-po- rl
of the dissidents Por
myself I was aclive in tbe
establishment of the Charter
77 Group in To)-ont- o which
is committed to the enforce-men- l
of the Helsinki Human
Rights Aecords One of my
y responsibilities in Charter 77
u was being the cbairman ol
the special commillee lo help
the Czech dissidents on trial
in Prague I was inslrumental
in making surę that Canadian
legał counsei was present as
ohscrvcrs at the Prague dis-sidents
trials
I have been aclively en- -
couraging my fellow Polisb
Canadians to voicc their con-cern- s
about the Soviel gov-crnmen- fs
lack 'of respecl for
human dignily basie rights
and the freedom of speech
Speaking out against tbe
Soviet Union's policy on dis-se- nt
bas laken on ever great-e- r
meaning for Polish Cana-- i
dians because of the recenl
evenls in Poland We are Jall
aware of the labour and poli-lica- l
unresl sweeping Poland
because it is the result of
the deterioraling economic
conditions and the denial of
the basie righl to form inde-pendent
trade unions Tbe
men and women who have
formed "Solidarity" want to
have Ihe right lo express
their concerns in an environ- -
WILLIAM E KOSAR
One of the greatest fears
of Polish-Canadia- ns (and all
other ethnic minorities in
Canada) is that their partic-nla- r
cullure will become ex-tin- ct
Tighter immigration
policies in addition lo a
greater inerease in non-Eu-rope- an
immigrants threatens
the very fibrę of Polish-Canadia- n
society today The lack
of recent Polish immigra-tion
could perhaps mean the
loss of many lime-honoure- d
cusloms and tradltions as to-lay- 's
youth becomes assimi-- r
lated inlo North American
society (and its values) and
forget the ways of their re-lativ- es
To many second and third
generation Polish-Canadia- ns
being Polish is going to babci
once a month and eating
barszcz and gołąbki Many
have become thoroughly Ca-nadianiz- ed Other families
such as my own do not even
speak Polish at home This
I think to be a grave error
Others either no longer at-ten- d
a Polish church or no
church at all Herę is where
the rcot of the problem lies
Rcligion and language (as the
v French-Canadian- s long ago
discovered) are the keys to
the preservation of any cul-lure
in a threatening foreign
environment
Of course language eheom-passe- s
a great deal morę
than speaking a bastardized
version of a tongue that is
scarcely intelligible lo one in
Poland Language includes
the fine Polish literary Iradi-tio- n
and as a logical exteh-sio- n
the theatre and cinema
There is a way to stop the
slide into total Canadian assi- -
milalion and to preserve mul- -
'ticulturalism One could be
i „ ( ' +
MAWćH % Ł tfbl tf Vi 2
Eclitorial Board: Leszek Wawrow Richard Tyndorf
Krzysztof Gebhard
Editbrial Board accepts no respohsibility for opinións 'expressed
individuar"cont'ributors Artic'ies do not hecessarily refloct the
bf any brgahizatibn
SSiSSsSSSSiJSJSiiGiSsSSSSi
rukuniHii runum
(Mońłhl9 Eńglish£upplement)T
Humań Rights Eastern Europę
menl free 'of political oppres-sio- n
and interference
The Soviels are clcarly
threalened by the mililancy
of Polish workers: economic
rcprisals political interven-tio- n łhe spectre of Soviet
troops and tanks massed
along the Polish border have
nol crushed Ihe spirit and
determination of Polish
workers lo obtain basie h'u-ma- n
rights
In Western Europ'e En-glan- d
-- and North America
Polish communilics regard-les- s
of political and ideolo-gica- l
persuasion have res-pond- ed in differenl ways by
sending food medicines and
money and pressuring their
govern'ments to censure the
Soviet Union On a morc
local level Polish Canadians
in Toronto and in the Park-dale-Hig- h Park neighbour-hoo- d
have felt compelled to
support their brothers and
sislers in their homeland
Public demonstrations and
tclegrams of support have
been co-ordinal- ed by Ihe Pol-ish
Congress Never'theless
many ot my constituents of
Polish background indicaled
to nie a sense of helplessness
because they were unable lo
undertake conerete political
aclion on this issue As a re-sult
bf this helplessness Ed
Ziemba MPP
_
(High Park-Swans- e)
and I decided to cali
a local community meeling
where local residents and
labour representa"tives would
meet 'to discuss the Polish
crisis
Al this meeting represen-tative- s
from they Ontario Fed-eratio- n
of Labour Cliff Pil-ke- y
(president) and -- Louis
Lbnkinski (adminislralive as-sista- nt) and Wally Majesky
(president of the Labour
Council of Metropolitan To-ronto)
voiced "their concerns
on the Polish issue with 250
community residents and as
a result there was unani-mou- s
supporl for a resolution
demanding unequivocal sup-port
for Solidarity and that
the 'federal government ex-pres- s
its fuli support for the
democratizatioh process in
Poland
I know that my conslilu- -
come invol'ved in a Polish
youth or dance group Mem-bershi- p
in one of these
organizations puts one into
contact with others of the
same opinion —the opinion
that something must be done
and done now before there is
no longer a Polish culture in
Canada to protect
My own experiences lies
with the University of West-ern
Ontario's Polish Stu-dent- s'
Association (UWO
PSA) Our club seeks to
preserve the Polish culture
through monthly meetings
and a variety of other events
Past events have included
sleigh rides pot-luc- k dinners
(strictly Polish food and
wódka of course) and dances
Traditionally at Chrislmas
time we go into several local
nursing homes and geriatrie
hospitals and entertain the
residents with Polish Christ-ma- s
carols
Our club is very busy as
we approach our tenth anni-versar- y
in November of 1981
Plans are already under way
for our Anniversary Bali and
a Polish Film Festival
As is apparent we will not
let the Polish cullure die out
Our club's only shorteoming
is that some members do not
speak Polish We have' our
parenłs tb blame for this
who in łheir mad rush to
gain acceptahce as equal
parłners in English Canada
(a pursuit not always success-ful- )
have neglected łhe fu-turę
Polish-Canadian- s Should
any of your readers share
similar views I would appre-ciat- e
hearing from them
Thank you for allowing me
to use this page as a soap
box
On being Polish-Canadia- n
- -~r — -- r-' A
'
tuents whelher of Polish or
non-Polis- h origin support my
actions 'on this issue I am
aware that my ablións are not
always greeted with total 'en-lliusias- m from sóme circles
For ekamplc the house pa
Muddling
by Prof Alexander Matejko
THE WORKER POWER
Numerically blue collar
workers constilule in Poland
a vcry substantial power:
over "two fiflhs of the eco-nomical- ly active population
over ten times morę workers
than during the inlcrwar pe-riod
the employment in in-dust- ry and construclion to-geth- er constitutes two fifths
of 'the total employment
(morę than iń some devel-ope- d
western socielics) Mosl
of the blue collar workers
are localed in induslry where
there are four of them for
each while collar worker
ojhers are in construction
stale agricullurc etc
The growlh of blue collar
strat um happened mostly
during the 1950s and the
1970s due to the rapid in-dustrializa-lion
based on verv
high level of investment in
industry and heavy constru-lio- n
at the espense cf aeri-cultur- e
and housing In this
respecl Poland Easl Germa-ny
and Rumunia have been
at the top of the Soviet bloc
countries In Poland during
the period 1960-197- 8 the
wbite labour force grew by
40 per cent but the labour
force in socialized economy
grew by 70 per cent when
the population growth was
only 18 per cent
The rising aspiralions of
Polish blue collar workers
are closely relaled lo the
changing social background
of this social category Dur-ing
the period from 1950 to
the middle of the 1970s in
Poland the percentage of the
population not engaged in
agriculture grew from 53 to
73 per cent on the average
around 3 per cent per year
in comparison with the 13
per cent yearly 'growlh of the
total population The share
of the labour force in agri-culture
decreased from over
a hali' to less than one fourlh
The share of industry in the
total labour force nas grown
from one fifth I o One third
From a country numerical-ly
dominated by poor pea-santr- y
Poland bccame a
country numerically domi-nated
by the blue collar
worker stratum until recent-l- y
consisting mainly of peo-pl- e
who were born in the
countryside In the period
from 1950 to Ihe middle of
1970s fivo million people
moved from agriculture to
other branches of the eco-nomy
mainly to nalionalized
industry IIowevcr there are
some close lies of Polish blue
collar workers with the coun-tryside
where one third of all
workers still live
The fact that farming bas
remained in Poland mostly in
private hands makes a dif-feren-ce
among others in the
social structure in compari-son
with other East European
countries For example in
comparison with Hungary the
Polish labour force consisted
in the carly 1970s one third
of private farmers but bnly
2 per cent in Hungary A half
of the Polish małe labour
force was of peasant origin
but only one quarter in Hun-gary
On the other hand in
Hungary 22 per cent of this
force were the offspring of
agricultural and forestry
manuał workers but only 8
per cent in Poland In both
countries social mobility dur-ing
the period of socialist in-clustrializa-tion
was strong:
many private farmers be-cam- e
blue collar workers the
offspring of blue collar work-ers
enlcred in large humbers
to ranks of while collar
workers intelligentsia be- -
Youisriókćn posmon ohSovici 'bui&llllwlliai IIIIIWI %w I lvllvlll lilii I QUvUJ4 JVIIJIIl
„imperialism and Hic policy of
tire Sovicl gorernmenl to-yar- ds
'{jc J?ónsh Mdfc ih'ión-iśi- s
ififd '' the nbwly' formcd
Solidarity móvcmcnt
I wahl lo stale publicly 'Gosi)k's service to his com-tha- t
niuniLv and rcllow man- - as a resull oJ my cxpcr- - Tne
mmmm&y
encos tur ner Work War
when I was al 'the rocoiWng
end of fascist brutality I will
conlinue lo be an oulśpokcn
crilic oi any lorni ol im-perialism
or foreign aggres-Sio- n
I iind all forms of im-perialism
dctcslablc and I
will llicreforc be a conMnual
spokesman for the righl of
frebdom of speech and free-dom
of dissenl because Ihoy
o !„ j -i- - 1- uiciiu tuiuuibiuiłu 01 ul---
mocracy
through
caine ciiatitatively enriched
by people from the lowcr
strata
There was a very subslan- -
tial social and lerrilorial mo- -
bility in Poland under the
impact of socialist industriali- -
zalion particularly in the
1950s The generał patlcrn
ol it js similar both in Poland
and in Hungary and its im- - pad appears in tbe present
day structure of social origin
Children of privale farmeis
have mored in large numbers
to nonagricultural oceupa-"tion- s
and bccame mostly blue
collar workers The lowcr
ranks of while collar workeis
have been inereased by Ihe
blue collar workers' off-spring
Managers and profes-sional- s
have also reccivcd a
large inpul from the 'tradi-tionally
lowcr strata but
much less from peasants
than from the blue collar
workers All these transfor-mation- s
resulted from scv-cr- al
factors: war losses par-ticularly
large among tho
Polish intelligentsia promo-tio- n
of people from lowcr
strata up the social ladder by
the communist governmcnt:
ecpializalion of incomes of
lutlisumu UnnU1l1linlul WAlli!n- u- isn łnlUU1
white collar workers under
sncialism Ihe aspiration of
lower class parents lo up- -
grade socially their children
large employment and pro- -
motion oppbrtunities in the
rapidly epanding bconomies
The data colleclod in 1972
by the Polish Cential Stali
tical Office from a vcrv large
sample proridc a reliable in- -
sighl inlo the processes of
social and occupalional mobi- -
lity in Poland under the im- -
pact of stale socialist indus--
trialization urbanization and
politicization Almost half of
all employed peojile chaned
their socio-econom- ic location
in comparison willi thoir fa- -
thers Among the offspring
of peasants only a half stay- -
ed in farming one third be
camc blue collar workers
and one tenth became office
workers (one third among Ihe
offspring of manuał workers)
Hn llin r(lin linnrl -- ntr Tmir
nmnncr (im nffenriner nr w 10
collar workers became farm- -
crs and almost nobody be-came
a farmer among the of-sprin- g
of wbite collar work-ers
Among the present day
wbite collar workers only
two fiflhs have fathers from
the same group and the rest
uaine nom uiuu cuiiću wuik- -
er families or peasant fami-lies
Among tbe present day
blue collar workers a half
conlinue their fathers oceu-patio- n
and the rest came
mostly from the peasanlry
The above menlioned data
show how closely the nrcsenl
riav hlun collar workers are
socially interconnected with
the peasanlry as well as with
the while collar workers
People of blue collar origin
Vy leSzcK waWroW
On Stinday Fcbruary Ż2
1901 several hundrcd people
ca me (o honour Mr' Tadeusz
"i'i— "'" ujhmu l
"" °ricnL camc u? wn M- -
fnsTlc w'?s deegra od willi
ol PonlH ce (Pdr
tlP Churcli and for the Pon- -
tiff) by Popc John Paul II It
indicates the recognition of
the Iioly Falher himsclf for
Mr Gonsik's loally lo his
person and willi him and
through him lo the whole
church Altliough ihe deco- -
ratlOll Was (nr snryim (n 1 "" lin ciiurcn those present at the
dinner also honoured Mr
gained a particularly favor-abl- c
'opporlunily lo eh ter
ullite cni 1 nr nnsifinne in (ho
firsl half of the 1950s It was
a concious policy of the rui- -
ing party lo reeruit to those
posilions people oi blue col- - lar worker origin or peasant orin The occupalional mo- -
bility of people of peasant
origin has been oriented
Since the lale 1940's mainly
towards blue collar jobs
Now the peasant element
no longer dominates the hu-man
inpul to the blue collar
woucer stratum The vouna " generatison within łi„ wbite
collar strafuin finds it morc
and morc dificult lo maintain
the status inheriled from
their parenls The scleclion
ol candidates to the higher
education inslilutions or even
lo the generał high schools
is unfavorable to the off-spring
of clerical staff Voca-tion- al
schools absorb these
young people and afterwards
they join the ranks of blue
collar workcrsv
As long as the peasant ele-ment
prevailed in the blue
collar worker stratum there
was still the possibihty of
i-ł- o inauInułunmmiunjrsf ini ar 1lu--vjłtc#u1 iijn iinu imlinc
mling Communist party The
new arrivals lo lowns im- -
proved their lives by working
regular hours having social
security and some reliable
accommodation (in the vii- -
'lages many houses were de- -
™P™™ 1 1U11 c"ie"
p'"0(1 ree educalion When
?ml and wife both work- -
cd lh?V could ™™™ H?V
Mff-iłtii- ir l"'° "%t 'n"oiP"T' nTnn'nn"vfi ic "f1'
not C1)0llgh i01'!'16 'oun2
K™""1
The young working people
have vcry Iow incomes and
this fact in addition to the
social degradation cxperien- -
ced by some of 'them contri- -
bules ló the relatively high
level of dissatisiaclion Be- -
cause the housing construc-tion
has been officially treat-e- d
as" a secondary iriorily
young workers bave great
difficulty finding accommo- -
flfl(irn fnv tllomqplvOS nilfl ffll"
ihoir nnwlv Mslnhlishod fam- -
ilies Beltcr'jobs are taken
and jcaldusly defended by
older colleagues who are in-forma- lly
relaled lo each
other and conlrol all dispos-abl- e
resources of growlh
wellbeing and satisfaction
Contrary lo the peasant
generalion of blue collar
woikcrs the younger genera- -
tion has dcveloped some new
social lies and a new social
consciousness reopie wno
moved to Polish towns in the
1950s or in the carly 1960s
were uprooted and scared
cnough lo be docile The
youiik Ceneration is com- -
pleleiy different in this res- -
pect they do nol feel obliged
to any gratitude towards the
authoiitics
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Oonslk fo]r iś &ViićVs 'ser-vic- e
to 'tlie ćVc'dil 'nnib'11
scouling and --youth movc-mć'n'l- s
'and Polish conimuńi- -
ty
Many 'of us respecl and
know Mr Gonsilc for many
ycars mil only on Sunday
some of the 'J1
s01°fGtol°11111 cpisocies in
The Master of Ceremony
Mr Chester Smith in a key- -
nóle address presented sonie
of the highlights of Mr Gon- -
sik's aclive life
Ta'deusz Gonsilc was born
in Łódź bul soon afler his
liirtli 1-i- ie " " 'f"n'm""iUTf p"n"n"c"i"c'"li'n'b n"i"
his parenls Marian and An- -
tonina and his brother moved
to Nowogródek
Tliis smali town in north-cas- t
Poland was the home of
Adam Mickiewicz Tadeusz
Kościuszko and Tadeusz Rej-tan
The highschool allended
by Tadeusz Gonsik was
named after Adam Mickic- -
wicz whose el)ic l)0eom "Pan
Jat'eusz 1S Alr- - Oonsiks tav- -
ourile book- -
The Polish scoul move- -
menl is aimed al giving youth
valucs of use to the indivi- -
dual and the fatherland Ta- -
deusz Gonsik was a member
of the troupe of scouts To
belong and maintain status in
the scouts it was necessary
to be a good student and lo
follow Christian principles
Thp inrrilTmrnł in cprmfinr
„ "'"iretiiy mirou" uceaf' him to Canada Dur- -
ing an international scouting
jamboree Tadeusz Gonsik
met scouts from Canada Al-ways
a good and harcl working
student Tadeusz Gonsik en-tere- d
the army medical
school in Warsaw one of 180
applicants chosen from 500
submissions His hopes to
graduate were dashed by the
outlń-ea- k of the Second World
War when be and his friends
were taken prisoners by the
Russians
The years 1939 1940 1941
were spent in the wilds of
tne urai Mountains n was a
C0[Q anc cllSllial plaCC _Teill- -
peratures frec]iiently dropped
45 degrees below zero Cel- -
s-m-s
ąs a prisoner of war
Tadeusz Gonsik lived and
Worked in the alabaster
mjne Work began with tbe
]jghi' 0f day and ended with
l"e dark of night If the as
sLgncd quola was not ful
mied) the food ration was re
duced proportionalely It M'as
t11nere m1 at Tv ad1eusz b-- monsik
almosl losl his life
Sillce tllc shiPlcnt oC food
had no't arrjved seven horse
drawn sleds were senl in 'the
dcep of winlcr to the supply
depot On 'the way back dur- -
in'g a bliiiding snów storm
Mr Gonsik lost his compa- -
nions and only through de- -
terminalion and God's grace
be found his waj to the minę
When Germaiw atlacked
their former ally Soviel
Union Russia an enemy ol
Poland suddenW became an
allV- - General Sikorski Com
mander in Chief of the Polish
army madę an agreement
with the USSR which stipu-late- d
release of Polish pri-soners
of war Tadeusz Gon-sik
joined the Polish army
under Ihe comand of General
Anders He saw military ac- -
tion in the ai-tiller-v
in Soviet
Union Iran Iraq North Afri- -
ca and in Ilaly al tjle bloody
ncroic atlle of Monte Cassi- -
no IIe ended lhe war as a
lieutenant
Because Tadeusz Gonsik
could nol return lo his dearly
beloved country Poland and
bocause Lebanon recognizbd
the Polish Government in
Exile (London) Tadeusz Gon-sik
went to Bcirut where he
complcted his education at
the university of St Joseph's
It was there that he met Iwo
people who would have a
profound effect on his life:
Helen Malinowski who be-came
his wife and borę him
a daughler Elizabeth and son
Peter and a pricst whotoday
ranks as one of the princes
of the church in Ronie Car-dinal
Władysław Rubin
Upon graduation Tadeusz
Gonsik chose Canada as his
home His wife took the ne-cessary
courses to complete
her education in order to be-come
a medical generał prac-tition- er
Mrs Gonsik's un-time- ly
death caused a great
sorrow to ber husband
young children and commu-nity
at large Although Ta-deusz
Gonsik was left alońe
to bring up liis children
never'thelcss he found time
to s'ervc his community and
I s- - i
havc ii siicceśsful prófós-'siona- l
farcer
Tadeusz Gonsik joined the
St Slahislaus - St Casimirs
Parish Credit Union and soon
became a member of the cre-'tl- it
commillee and later pre-sident
During his lenure 'the
'education eommittec was br-ganiz- ed
and a youth credit
union was inslilulcd In the
prócess 'lhe credit union also
bccame the largesl parish
credit union in the worki
This year in January His
Eminence Cardinal Carl er in
a moving ceremony at SI Mi-'cliael- 's
Cathedral bestowed
on Tadeusz Gonsik the Papai
Ilonour "Ecclesia et Ponti-lice- "
Then Mr Gonsik thanked
the guests for their presence
and said:
The home of Corda Cordi
is cspecially close lo my
hearl as it is dear to lhe
hearts of th'e members bf lhe
Polish community through-óu- t
the worki
I most sinccrcly appreciate
all of the money that has
been paid and donated this
evening
Those who have partici-pate- d
in the organization of
tliis evening have given their
time and many have given
discounts iń lhe cost of the
arrangements for this even-in- g
so that as large a sum of
money will be donated to re-du- ce tbe financial- - cost of the
home of Corda Couli
I can assure you that the
donalion will be gratefully
received
I know of no other gift that
could have rcceivcd than
'the financial 'n'śśisla'ńć'ć by all
bf yó'u Vo 'llib Polish pftgrlms
Ilonie in Romę
Popc John Paul II bas
shown himself to bo a man
for all lhe people of the
world
Truły a man for all sca-son- s
His compassion and love
are manifest in his public
slalembnts and in bis attitude
'lo lhe individual
Human rights have always
been a cause which he bas
promoted from lhe day of his
ordination as a pricst in Po-land
lo this day as Head of
the Roman Catholic Church
Christian love and brotber-hoo- d
aro lhe basie founda-lion- s
of the credit union
movemcnl and I am indeed
fortunate lo have played a
smali parł in the growlli and
the success of St Stanislaus-S- t
Casimir's Parish Credit
Union There are many
otheis who descrve to stand
before you in my place
Only to menlion a few
there are the founders of
our credit union Reverend
Fathers Puchniak and Smith
former Presidents of the cre-dit
union Mr Joseph Rajca
and Mr Viclor Buklis Ta-deusz
Scmlak and many
others who gave their time
frecly for the good of the
credit union and their łellow
man They have indeed fol-lowe- d
lhe words of that great
Polish jioet Adam Mickiewicz
"Kochajmy się wiec — ko-chajmy
się"
"Let us lovc one another
lei us lovc one another'
Home in Romę
Krzysztof M Gebhard appointed to the CCCM
The Polonian Forum is Provincial Chairman for Sas- -
happy lo announce the reco- - kalchewan is lhe head of
gnition achievcd by one of the Saskatchewan Sound Ar- -
our editors Krzysztof M chivcs Program mc a section
Gebhard was chosen Provin- - of lhe Saska tchewan Aichics
ciał Chairman for Saskatche- - Board He earlier servcd as
wan of the Canadian Con- - tbe Orał Ilislory Coordinator
suita tive Council on Mullicul- - of the Multicultural History
turalism Society in Toronto Mr Geb- -
The Council is an appointed bard was a research fellow
body of 100 members in- - at the Inslitule of History at
cluding the 15-memb- er exe- - Warsaw University in 1976- -
cutive which consults willi 1977 Ile is treasurer of the
and advises the federal gov- - Canadian Orał History Asso- -
ernment through Minister of ciation a member of the As- -
State for Mulliculturalism on sociation of Canadian Archi- -
the development of multicul- - vists and of the Canadian
turalism programs and poli- - Polish Research łnstitule Ile
cies in Canada is also the editor of Polonian
Krzysztof M Gebhard Forum 'fTTtyTtftf "' t """r "''
THE POLONIAN FORUM welcoms contributions from those
interested in Polish and Canadian matters
Forward correspondence to:
Leszek Wawrow co The Polonian Fcrum
1638 Bloor St W
Toronto Ont M6P 4A8
Tel Office 535-623- 3 home 532-565- 0
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I